胃癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，也是癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。转移性胃癌的中位生存期不到1年。治疗转移性胃癌的主要手段仍然是细胞毒性化疗，但近几年对胃癌分子研究的进展取得了巨大的突破，吸引更多的科研人员把研发重心放在了靶向药物的开发上。在HER2阳性的胃癌患者里，一线化疗过程中加入曲妥珠单抗可以提高生存率。在二线治疗中，肿瘤医生可使用VEGF受体抑制剂雷莫卢单抗作为单一药物或与化疗联合使用。胃癌靶向治疗的未来前景十分广阔，许多评估免疫治疗与分子靶向药物联合治疗的临床试验都激起了极大的兴奋。此外，针对胃癌靶向治疗的新疗法数量迅速增加，包括小分子抑制剂、抗体-药物偶联物和双特异性抗体。总之，越来越多的患者可能会受益于已获批准的和新兴的治疗胃癌的靶向疗法。在这篇综述中，将总结胃癌分子靶向药物的最新进展，对新兴的靶向治疗方法进行归纳，并回顾了每种分子靶向药物相关的临床试验。

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world and the third leading cause of death associated with cancer. The median survival of metastatic gastric cancer is less than 1 year. The primary therapy against metastatic gastric cancer remains cytotoxic chemotherapy, but recent advances in molecular research on gastric cancer have led to tremendous breakthroughs, thus attracting more researchers to focus on the development of targeted drugs. For the treatment of patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer, the addition of trastuzumab to first-line chemotherapy can improve survival rates. In second-line therapy, oncologists may use the VEGF receptor inhibitor ramolumab as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy. The future of targeted therapy for gastric cancer is promising, and many clinical trials evaluating the combination of immunotherapy with molecularly targeted agents have stirred up great excitement.In addition, the number of new therapies targeting targeted therapies for gastric cancer is rapidly increasing, including small molecule inhibitors, antibody-drug couples, and bispecific antibodies. In summary, an increasing number of patients may benefit from approved and emerging targeted therapies for the treatment of gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in molecularly targeted agents for gastric cancer, provide an overview of emerging targeted therapies, and review the clinical trials associated with each molecularly targeted agent.

内蒙古自然科学(2020MS08132)；内蒙古自治区科技创新引导项目(KCBJ2018021)