目的: 应用扩散峰度成像( diffusion kurtosis imaging，DKI) 探讨伴中央颞区棘波良性癫痫( benign epi- lepsy with centrotemporal spikes，BECT) 患儿静息状态下脑功能的变化，揭示认知损伤神经网络的特点。方法: 收 集于我院 2017－03～ 2019－01 期间符合入组标准的患儿 30 例及年龄、性别、受教育程度与患儿相匹配的对照组 30 例，行常规磁共振及 DKI 成像，测量平均扩散峰度值( mean kurtosis，MK) ，采用双样本配对 t 检验比较。结果: 病例组各感兴趣区( region of interest，ＲOI) 的 MK 值均较对照组显著降低，P＜ 0．05; 而丘脑的 MK 值病例组为 0．8094±0．0280，对照组为0．8015±0．0299，P＞0．05，差异无统计学意义。结论: DKI 技术能发现常规 MＲI 检查阴性 的 BECTS 病人存在广泛的脑微结构异常，为癫痫的病理生理机制研究提供新方法。

Objective: To study the cerebral changes of the benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes( BECT) children using diffusion kurtosis imaging( DKI) ，evaluating the value of DKI in patho- physiologic mechanism study of epilepsy．Methods: Thirty: patients and age，gender and education back- ground－matched controls were under routine and DKI MＲI exams．The mean kurtosis( MK) value was measured and compared with two sample t－test．Ｒesults: The MK value of each region of interest( ＲOI) in the patients group was obviously lower than that in the control group，P＜0．05．The MK of thalamus was 0．8094± 0．0280in the patients group，0．8015 ± 0．0299in the control group． There was no obvious difference statistically．Conclusion: DKI could detect the extensively cerebral microstructural abnormali- ties which are negative on conventional MＲI，thus provide a new perspective for physiologic mechanism study of BECT children．

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收稿日期: 2019－01－24; 修回日期: 2019－05－07 基金项目: 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目( 2016MS0851，2017MS08127) ; 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目( 2015) 作者简介: 邢桂荣( 1965－) ，女，内蒙古医科大学附属医院影像诊断科主任技师。 通讯作者: 乔鹏飞，主任医师，E－mail: qpfff@ 126．com 内蒙古医科大学附属医院影像诊断科，010050